Partner has opened 1 of a suit. Choose your response:

• 0–5 HCP → Pass
• 4+ card fit → add shortage points (void +5, singleton +3, doubleton +1) then raise
• 4+ card suit at the 1 level (6+ HCP) → bid longest (hi-5, 4-lo)
• No 1-level suit, 6–9 HCP → 1NT
• 10+ HCP, 4+ card suit at 2 level → bid longest (5+ hearts needed over 1♠)
• Balanced, no suit, 10–12 HCP → 2NT  |  13+ HCP → 3NT (minor opener only)